1. Early Years
  2. Mathematics
  3. Developmental Milestones

Developmental Milestones

Birth to Three Years Old - babies, toddlers and young children will be learning to:

  • Combine objects like stacking blocks and cups. Put objects inside others and take them out again.
  • Take part in finger rhymes with numbers.
  • React to changes of amount in a group of up to three items.
  • Compare amounts, saying ‘lots’, ‘more’ or ‘same’.
  • Develop counting-like behaviour, such as making sounds, pointing or saying some numbers in sequence.
  • Count in everyday contexts, sometimes skipping numbers – ‘1-2-3-5’.
  • Climb and squeeze themselves into different types of spaces.
  • Build with a range of resources.
  • Complete inset puzzles.
  • Compare sizes, weights etc. using gesture and language - ‘bigger/little/smaller’, ‘high/low’, ‘tall’, ‘heavy’.
  • Notice patterns and arrange things in patterns.

 

3 and 4-year-olds will be learning to:

  • Develop fast recognition of up to 3 objects, without having to count them individually (‘subitising’).
  • Recite numbers past 5.
  • Say one number for each item in order: 1,2,3,4,5.
  • Know that the last number reached when counting a small set of objects tells you how many there are in total (‘cardinal principle’).
  • Show ‘finger numbers’ up to 5.
  • Link numerals and amounts: for example, showing the right number of objects to match the numeral, up to 5.
  • Experiment with their own symbols and marks as well as numerals.
  • Solve real world mathematical problems with numbers up to 5.
  • Compare quantities using language: ‘more than’, ‘fewer than’.
  • Understand position through words alone – for example, “The bag is under the table,” – with no pointing.
  • Describe a familiar route.
  • Discuss routes and locations, using words like ‘in front of’ and ‘behind’.
  • Make comparisons between objects relating to size, length, weight and capacity.
  • Select shapes appropriately: flat surfaces for building, a triangular prism for a roof, etc.
  • Combine shapes to make new ones – an arch, a bigger triangle, etc.
  • Talk about and identify the patterns around them. For example: stripes on clothes, designs on rugs and wallpaper. Use informal language like ‘pointy’, ‘spotty’, ‘blobs’, etc.
  • Extend and create ABAB patterns – stick, leaf, stick, leaf.
  • Notice and correct an error in a repeating pattern.
  • Begin to describe a sequence of events, real or fictional, using words such as ‘first’, ‘then...’

  

Children in reception will be learning to:

  • Count objects, actions and sounds.
  • Subitise.
  • Link the number symbol (numeral) with its cardinal number value.
  • Count beyond ten.
  • Compare numbers.
  • Understand the ‘one more than/one less than’ relationship between consecutive numbers.
  • Explore the composition of numbers to 10.
  • Automatically recall number bonds for numbers 0–5 and some to 10.
  • Select, rotate and manipulate shapes to develop spatial reasoning skills.
  • Compose and decompose shapes so that children recognise a shape can have other shapes within it, just as numbers can.
  • Continue, copy and create repeating patterns.
  • Compare length, weight and capacity.